Max Koh

Max Koh

CBDC Journalist | FinTech Content Creator

Double degree in Finance & Journalism, ex-Reuters intern. Covers Asia-Pacific CBDC trials. Hosts indie podcast Currency Evolution. His From Shells to Bitcoin: Money History series is referenced in university economics courses.

Latest Articles

How to Evaluate Google’s AI Investment Returns: Search, Cloud, and CAPEX Pressure
How to Evaluate Google’s AI Investment Returns: Search, Cloud, and CAPEX Pressure
Google’s AI investments are already supporting Search usage, advertising revenue, and Google Cloud growth. However, rapidly rising CAPEX, depreciation, and energy costs are putting pressure on free cash flow. This article evaluates Alphabet’s AI returns through Search monetization, Cloud revenue, TPU efficiency, and capital returns.
Microsoft, Alphabet, Amazon, or Meta: Which Company Faces the Greatest AI CAPEX Pressure?
Microsoft, Alphabet, Amazon, or Meta: Which Company Faces the Greatest AI CAPEX Pressure?
Microsoft, Alphabet, Amazon, and Meta are all increasing AI capital expenditure, but their cash flow, depreciation, and monetization pressures differ significantly. By comparing 2026 CAPEX, operating cash flow, cloud revenue, order backlogs, and business structures, this analysis identifies which company faces the greatest pressure from AI investment.
2026 AI Earnings Calendar: What to Watch in Samsung, ASML, TSMC, Tesla, Alphabet, and Microsoft
2026 AI Earnings Calendar: What to Watch in Samsung, ASML, TSMC, Tesla, Alphabet, and Microsoft
How should you read the 2026 AI earnings calendar? This guide follows the reporting sequence of Samsung, ASML, TSMC, Tesla, Alphabet, and Microsoft to break down HBM, EUV, CoWoS, AI CAPEX, cloud revenue, FSD, and post-earnings stock reactions.
TSMC Q2 Earnings Call Preview: AI Chip Demand, CoWoS Capacity, and 2nm Progress
TSMC Q2 Earnings Call Preview: AI Chip Demand, CoWoS Capacity, and 2nm Progress
TSMC Q2 earnings call preview covering AI chip demand, HPC revenue, CoWoS advanced packaging, 2nm production, N3 expansion, gross margin, capital expenditure, and potential TSM stock reaction.
WDC vs. STX: Which HDD Giant Is More Dependent on Cloud Customers? A Comparison of Customers, Products, and Cash Flow
WDC vs. STX: Which HDD Giant Is More Dependent on Cloud Customers? A Comparison of Customers, Products, and Cash Flow
Compare WDC and STX by cloud customer exposure, customer concentration, nearline HDD demand, mass capacity storage, AI data center spending, gross margin, and free cash flow to understand which HDD giant is more tied to hyperscalers.
Memory Chip Stocks or Enterprise Storage Stocks? A Comparison of Business Models, Cycles, and Risks
Memory Chip Stocks or Enterprise Storage Stocks? A Comparison of Business Models, Cycles, and Risks
Should investors buy memory chip stocks or enterprise storage stocks? This guide compares DRAM, NAND, HBM, HDD, SSD, all-flash arrays, hybrid cloud storage, subscription revenue, ARR, RPO, AI data centers, and enterprise IT budgets to explain the business models, cyclical exposure, valuation logic, and key risks of both categories.
What Are the Bottlenecks in HBM Packaging? CoWoS, TCB, and the Link to Equipment Suppliers
What Are the Bottlenecks in HBM Packaging? CoWoS, TCB, and the Link to Equipment Suppliers
HBM packaging bottlenecks are not only about memory chip capacity. They also involve CoWoS, TCB, hybrid bonding, substrates, testing, and yield. This analysis explains the key constraints in the advanced packaging supply chain, their impact on AI chip delivery, and how investors can evaluate related equipment suppliers.
Why Are Cloud Providers Signing Long-Term HDD Contracts? Demand Visibility for Western Digital and Seagate
Why Are Cloud Providers Signing Long-Term HDD Contracts? Demand Visibility for Western Digital and Seagate
Cloud providers are signing long-term HDD contracts to secure high-capacity nearline HDD supply for AI data centers, control $/TB storage costs, and improve expansion certainty. This article analyzes Western Digital and Seagate’s demand visibility, pricing power, technology roadmaps, and key investment indicators.
What Signals Appear Before Storage Prices Peak? Inventory, Capex, Orders, and Gross Margin
What Signals Appear Before Storage Prices Peak? Inventory, Capex, Orders, and Gross Margin
Before storage prices peak, inventory, capex, orders, gross margin, and cash flow often change in advance. Learn the key signals for DRAM, NAND, HDD, and enterprise SSD cycles.